Testosterone Phenyl Propionate

Narkissos

Testosterone Phenyl Propionate (TPP)

17beta-Hydroxyandrost-4-en-3-one 3-phenylpropionate

Depositor-supplied Synonyms:
Retandrol
Testosterone phenylpropionate
Testosterone hydrocinnamate
Testosterone 17-phenylpropionate


Testosterone Phenyl Propionate (TPP)
Formula: C28H36O3
Molecular weight: 438.6058
Molecular weight of base: 288.429
Molecular weight of ester: 150.1768
Melting Point: 152-156 C
Manufacturer: Various
Trade Names: Testolen, (TPP rarely sold as a sole component…rather, in combination with other testosterone esters in multi-ester formulae: e.g. “Sustanon” and “Omnadren”, as cited below)

Durandron (o.c.) 250 mg/ml; Organon ES
Sostenon 250 250 mg/ml; Organon Mexico, ES
Sustanon 250 mg/ml; Ravasini I
Sostenon 250 250 mg/ml; Organon GB, NL, FI, India, Russia, TK, CZ, BG
Sustanon'250' 250 mg/ml; Organon Thailand
Sustenon 250 250 mg/ml; Organon PT
Veterinary: Deposterone Gouglund Syntex Mexico
Testono'n 250 mg/ml; Ttokkyo Labs
Durateston250 250 mg/ml; Organon BZ

Testosterone PhenylPropionate Powder
Description:
Odourless, white to off-white, crystalline powder. Practically insoluble in water; freely soluble in alcohol; soluble 1 in 6 of dehydrated alcohol, 1 in 2 of chloroform, and 1 in 100 of ether; slightly soluble in ethyl oleate; soluble in dioxan and vegetable oils.

(Male) Therapeutic Dosage (HRT): 150-300mg/week
(Male) Performance-enhancing Dosage: 300mg- 3000mg/ week*
(Female) Therapeutic Dosage: Administration Not Recommended
(Female) Performance-enhancing Dosage: Administration Not Recommended
Active Half-life: 4.5 days
Recommended Administration: Every 3-5 days
Detection Time: 3 months
Anabolic/Androgenic Ratio: 1:1*

*NB: (The upper range of 3000mg is cited as the result of ‘word-of-mouth’ gathered from bodybuilders and strength athletes. It is not, however, an ‘absolute’ upper range, as come athletes are known to use higher doses. This profile does not advise such use. The ‘minimum effective dosage’ is a representation of an amalgamation of opinions… it too, based on ‘word-of mouth’ information gathered from bodybuilders.

The Anabolic/Androgenic ratio is a standard which compares a compound’s anabolic and androgenic effects to that of testosterone: i.e. it is based on testosterone. The above-mentioned 1:1 ratio indicates that testosterone is as anabolic as it is androgenic. If a compound garners, for example, a 3:1 ratio this indicates that the compound is three times as anabolic as testosterone and as androgenic respectively.)

Testosterone: the ‘King’ of mass-building compounds: The ‘must have’, quasi-essential, base of any anabolic regime. The ‘King’, due to multiple reasons: Testosterone is cost effective; it stacks well with other compounds; its potential side effects (e.g. **conversion to estrogen and DHT) add, in themselves, to its mass-building effectively. Before outlining the phenylproprionate ester, we’ll take a look at the hormone testosterone itself.

Testosterone: What is it?
Testosterone is the primary hormone which controls the development and maintenance of secondary sexual characteristics (denoted as its ‘androgenic effects’): A sex hormone present in both males and females but at lower concentrations in females: Deficiencies in women being associated with loss of bone density, loss of libido, and loss of the sense of well being.

Testosterone produces metabolic effects that lead to increased growth of bone, increased net protein turnover, increased production of red blood cells, and increased blood vessel formation in the skin. These effects are denoted as testosterone’s ‘anabolic effects’.

Overall, testosterone is still considered by most to be, gains/dosage/side-effects/ taken into consideration, the most potent mass-builder. As inferred above: **on one hand, its use comes with a high risk of side-effects: as testosterone readily converts to both/either DHT (dihydrotestosterone) and/or Estrogen. These two compounds are both indicated as the root cause of a range of side effects: male pattern baldness (DHT-related); Sodium and Water Retention (Edema); Gynaecomastia (both Estrogen-related) for example. On the other hand, said conversion to said compounds has its own potential benefits. Using Estrogen as an example: Estrogen increases Glucose utilization, upgrades the androgen receptor, improves immunity, increases growth hormone output, and has a small essential role in the maintenance of erectile capacity. All in all, examples of synergy within its own administration (with DHT and Estrogen), and externally (stacked with other hormones/compounds), place Testosterone in the category of mass-building Elite.



Testosterone: How does it work?
The exact mechanism through which testosterone builds muscle isn’t exactly known. Testosterone binds to specific receptors present especially in reproductive tissue, muscle and fat (Mooradian & Morley, 1987). Testosterone elicits the stimulation of receptor molecules in muscle cells, which activate specific genes to produce proteins. They also affect the activation rate of enzyme systems involved in protein metabolism, thus enhancing protein synthesis and inhibiting protein degradation. The inhibition of protein degradation is often called testosterone’s ‘anti-catabolic effect’.

What else? Testosterone promotes nitrogen retention within the muscle (J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1997 Feb; 82(2):407-13)

Testosterone + Phenyl-Prop Ester =???

Testosterone Phenyl propionate: Although an ingredient in the popular 4-ester blend testosterone product ‘sustanon’, is probably one of the least known testosterone-esters used today.

The phenyl-prop ester is a relatively short-acting one, when compared to the active life of the more popular Enanthate and Cypionate esters. It is longer acting than the propionate ester: which has a three day active-life. Phenyl-prop is actually active for 4.5 days. The indication of this is that it needs to be administered less frequently than Testosterone Propionate.


Testosterone: What are its side-effects?

Main adverse effects: The adverse effects of anabolic steroids include weight gain, fluid retention, and abnormal liver function as measured by biochemical tests. Administration to Teenagers can indirectly cause premature closure of the epiphyses through an increase in serum Estrogen levels caused by the aromatizing of Testosterone. Men can develop impotence and azoospermia.


Chronic Abuse: Hepatic damage, manifest as derangement of biochemical tests of liver function and sometimes severe enough to cause jaundice; virilization in women; prostatic hypertrophy, impotence and azoospermia in men; acne, abnormal lipids, premature cardiovascular disease (including stroke and myocardial infarction), abnormal glucose tolerance, and muscular hypertrophy in both sexes; psychiatric disturbances can occur during or after prolonged treatment (Ferner & Rawlins, 1988; Kennedy, 1992; Ross & Deutch, 1990; Ryan, 1981; Wagner, 1989).

Cardiovascular: Chronic ingestion of ‘high doses’ of Testosterone can cause elevations in blood pressure, left ventricular hypertrophy and premature coronary artery disease (McKillop et al., 1986; Bowman, 1990; McNutt et al., 1988).

Prostate: Prostatic hypertrophy is indicated in men who take supramaximal doses of Testosterone. Prostatic carcinoma has been indicated in young men who have abused said compound (Roberts & Essenhigh, 1986).

Endocrine and reproductive systems: Small doses of Testosterone are said to increase libido, but larger doses lead to azoospermia (Absence of sperm in the semen: www.rho.org/html/glossary.html) and impotence. Testicular atrophy is a common clinical feature of long-term abuse of Testosterone. Gynaecomastia can occur (Martikainen et al., 1986; Schurmeyer et al., 1984; Spano & Ryan, 1984).

Haematological: Anabolic androgens stimulate Erythropoiesis (The formation of red blood cells.
http://www.nbc-med.org/SiteContent/...edman/Appxa.htm ).

Fluid and electrolyte disturbances: Sodium and water retention can occur, and result in edema; hypercalcaemia is also reported (Reynolds, 1992).

Others: Insulin resistance with a fall in glucose tolerance (Cohen & Hickman, 1987), and hypercholesterolaemia with a fall in high density lipoprotein cholesterol, has been reported (Cohen et al., 1988; Glazer, 1991;Webb et al., 1984).

Testosterone: Minimizing side-effects

The majority of Testosterone-related side-effects are dose, or duration, related. Of these, most of them can be reversed on cessation of Testosterone-administration. These include: HPTA suppression, Sodium/Water Retention… and a host of others. Most of these side-effects can reversed without additional chemical aide… but to do so would make little sense… on multiple levels. Firstly, it would take months to overcome, for example, HPTA suppression without chemical aide. Secondly, using HPTA-suppression again, during the period of testicular shut-down logically one would expect to lose all muscle gained on cycle, and some more, due to the lack of endogenous circulatory testosterone to maintain it. This characterizes the metaphor: “One step forward, two steps backward”.

That being said, let’s review the chemical aides currently used to mediate, reduce, and cease Testosterone-administration-related side-effects.

SERMs: (Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators) Compounds that bind with estrogen receptors and exhibit estrogen action in some tissues and anti-estrogen action in other tissues. These include: Clomid (Clomiphene Citrate); Nolvadex (Tamoxifen); Ondogyne (Cyclofenil).

AIs: (Aromatase inhibitors) Compounds which prevent the conversion of androgens into estrogen in fat, muscle, breast, and brain. These include: letrozole (Femara); Cytadren (aminoglutethimide); Aromasin (exemestane); Arimidex (Anastrozole); Proviron (Mesterolone); Teslac (testolactone); 6-OXO (a naturally occurring aromatase inhibitor that is devoid of any direct hormonal or prohormonal activity).

ADDITIONALLY: HCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin) is used during long-duration cycles to instigate testosterone production. It falls neither under the SERM or AI categories. HCG acts, in the body, like luteinizing hormone (LH), stimulating the testes to produce testosterone even when natural LH isn’t present.

POST-CYCLE THERAPY (PCT): This is usually based around the SERMs: Nolvadex and Clomid. Either compound can be used individually, but anecdotal evidence suggests that best results are achieved when the two are combined.

For further information on AIs, SERMs, and other ancillary drugs, review the ‘Profiles Section’ of Ironforlife.com.


Author: Narkissos

Edited by: Narkissos

Posted at: Ironforlife.com

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